Push-Down Workpiece Clamps（Page 2）

306

Data to be displayed: 30; 45; 60

Sort by:

Shipping Days	All Same day 2 Days or Less 3 Days or Less 4 Days or Less 5 Days or Less 6 Days or Less 8 Days or Less 9 Days or Less 14 Days or Less 18 Days or Less

?* Information on days to ship and prices

Swing clamps, mini, with cam lever (K0926)

KIPP

· Manual swivelling and clamping

· Manual actuation

· Unobstructed insertion and removal of workpieces

· For tight spaces

· Application sectors: assembly, toolmaking, fixture construction, measuring technology

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	124.34 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Rotary lever clamps, hydraulic with spring return, Form A double-acting (K1856)

KIPP

· No lateral forces during clamping

· Low mounting dimensions.

· Wide selection of levers

· Collision-free accessibility to the workpiece

· Lineless pressure supply

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	255.66 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Clamping cams (04431)

NORELEM

· Compact design

· Quick and easy clamping of components

· Robust construction

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	46.98 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamp, steel (04620)

NORELEM

· Rapid manual clamping with threaded spindle and spiral cam

· Quick and easy workpiece change by swivelling away the clamp

· Compact version

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	209.10 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamp with collar, carbon steel (04371)

NORELEM

· Flexible application

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

· For clamping any workpiece and component

· Low space requirement

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	96.23 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Clamp strap double sided, carbon steel (04190)

NORELEM

· Simultaneous clamping of two workpieces at one clamping point

· Flexible application

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

· For clamping any workpiece and component

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	8.50 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Swing Clamp (Clamping Lever Type) (QLSWC)

IMAO CORPORATION

Toolless clamp with rotating hook by lever operation. A clamping lever type. Long clamp stroke, with powerful clamp force. Both right and left rotational specifications available. This series CAD data is being revised. These revisions will be completed soon.

3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	117.41 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	6 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Promotional pricing

Clamps, stepped

HALDER

Heat-treated steel, tempered, blackened.

3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	42.30 €
	Special price
Min. Shipping Days ：	Same day

*Unit price with basic configuration

Promotional pricing

Clamps, with flat-faced ball

HALDER

Ball protected against rotating.

3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	27.84 €
	Special price
Min. Shipping Days ：	Same day

*Unit price with basic configuration

Height Adjusting Cylinders

HALDER

For increasing the clamping height of down-thrust clamps EH 23310. The height adjusting cylinders can be used. They are also used in combination with seating pins (EH 22680.), pins (EH 22690.) and self-aligning pads (EH 22730. - EH 22741.).

3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	45.12 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Clamping Elements

HALDER

Used as clamps in conventional fixtures. A reamed hole is provided in the body of the fixture. The hole depth has to be adapted to the desired clamping height. To provide a counter force, a support can be placed against the rounded end of the clamp (radius 22). This support can be flat, half-rounded or V-shaped. Clamping is achieved by means of a DIN 933 hexagon screw.

3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	116.19 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Straight Clamps, short

HALDER

[Specifications]
・Type: Hold Down Type
・Material: Heat Treatment Steel
・a(mm): 20, 30

Straight Clamps, short.

3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	39.90 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Cam clamps double (K0011)

KIPP

· Cam levers are used for quick and torque-free clamping

· Workpiece needs no further securing

· Easy to operate

· High clamping forces

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	77.30 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Cam clamps single (K0010)

KIPP

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	130.82 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamp holders, Form B, with hexagon (K0017)

KIPP

· For guiding hook clamp K0014

· For raising hook clamp K0014

· Clamping height adjustable

· Ground holder

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	26.34 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamp with long hook Form C (K0012)

KIPP

· Flexible application

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

· For clamping any workpiece and component

· Low space requirement

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	36.46 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamps form A (K0012)

KIPP

· Flexible application

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

· For clamping any workpiece and component

· Low space requirement

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	23.55 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamps with collar (K0015)

KIPP

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

· For clamping any workpiece and component

· Low space requirement

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	63.34 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamps with mounting bracket (K0016)

KIPP

· Vertical or horizontal mounting

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

· For clamping any workpiece and component

· Low space requirement

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	80.39 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamp with collar and clamping lever with clamping force intensifier A (K0013)

KIPP

· Clamping force intensifiers

· Manual clamping

· Tool-free

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	126.40 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Swivel hold-down clamp, mini, with cam lever (K0927)

KIPP

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	196.19 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Pin-end clamp straps Form A (K0834)

KIPP

· Different geometries both ends

· Flexible application

· For clamping any workpiece and component

· Can be combined with different fixture components

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	31.90 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Clamp straps tapped both ends (K0836)

KIPP

· Two workpieces can be clamped simultaneously

· Can be used with self-aligning pads

· For clamping any workpiece and component

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	26.50 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Swing clamps, right-hand version (K0912)

KIPP

· Manual swivelling and clamping

· Manual actuation

· Unobstructed insertion and removal of workpieces

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	249.71 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Upper exchange clamping jaw, Form D (K1490)

KIPP

Material:
Steel.
Version:
Nitrided and black oxidised.
Note:
The clamping jaws can be used for floating clamps to increase the clamping range.

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	124.59 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Floating clamps with separate workpiece clamp and interlock (K1227)

KIPP

· Simultaneous clamping and supporting of overhanging clamping points on components

· Prevents vibrations and bending

· Height infinitely adjustable

· Low-warp clamping

· Fixed support possible

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	986.70 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Down-thrust clamps (K1231)

KIPP

· Rapid manual clamping with threaded spindle and spiral cam

· Quick and easy workpiece change by swivelling away the clamp

· Compact version

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	174.25 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Swing clamps pneumatic (K1388)

KIPP

· Automatic swivelling and clamping

· Unobstructed insertion and removal of the workpieces

· Optimum accessibility to the workpiece

· Universal fastening possibilities

· Right and left swivelling versions

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	364.55 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Multi-clamping system single-sided wedge clamps fixed jaw ES (K1830)

KIPP

· Multi-clamping systems for workpieces

· For clamping workpieces of various sizes

· Quick conversion from single to multiple clamping

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	1,767.55 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Swing clamps, heavy duty, extended clamping travel, automation compatible, Form B, without clamping arm (K2053)

KIPP

· Automation-compatible

· High clamping forces

· Quick clamping

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	538.20 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Swing clamps, hydraulic, compact, double / single-acting with spring return, Form C, screw-in thread (K1862)

KIPP

· Compact design

· Many types

· Collision-free accessibility to the workpiece

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	347.30 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Swing clamps, hydraulic, double / single-acting with spring return, Form C, screw-in thread (K1864)

KIPP

· Integrated metal wiper

· Integrated overload protection

· Collision-free accessibility to the workpiece

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	365.70 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Clamping arm for hydraulic swing clamps, Form B (K1865)

KIPP

Single clamping arms for the swing clamp K1864. Different clamping situations can be realised with the different clamping arm designs. Fastening materials are supplied with the clamping arms.
Material:
Steel.
Version:
Black oxidised.

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	27.35 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Clamp straps pivot, Form B, assembly with T-slot bolt, nut and washer (K1954)

KIPP

· Ideal for clamping cutting and stamping tools

· Fast bypassing of different clamping heights

· Takes up little space on the machine table

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	75.34 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Swing clamps, heavy duty, automation compatible, Form B, without clamping arm (K2054)

KIPP

· Automation-compatible

· High clamping forces

· Quick clamping

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	496.80 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Swing clamps, heavy duty, automation compatible, Form A, with clamping arm (K2054)

KIPP

· Automation-compatible

· High clamping forces

· Quick clamping

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	563.50 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Clamping screw with clamping ring for flexible clamping bolt, Form A (K2070)

KIPP

· Brass clamping ring prevents marks on the workpiece

· Flattened design enables easy workpiece removal.

2D / 3D CAD data available

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	17.78 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamps with collar and cam lever (04371-2)

NORELEM

· Ideal for clamping jobs where parts are inserted from above

· Manual operation

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	123.86 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Clamp straps slotted heel (04010)

NORELEM

· Flexible application

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

· For clamping any workpiece and component

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	12.89 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Swing clamps (04390)

NORELEM

· Manual actuation

· Vertical or horizontal mounting

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	103.40 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamps Form B (04370)

NORELEM

· Flexible application

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

· For clamping any workpiece and component

· Low space requirement

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	28.26 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamps with collar (04371)

NORELEM

· Flexible application

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

· For clamping any workpiece and component

· Low space requirement

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	92.32 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamp with collar with long clamping claw (04371)

NORELEM

· Flexible application

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

· For clamping any workpiece and component

· Low space requirement

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	98.67 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamp with collar with long clamping claw B (04371)

NORELEM

· Flexible application

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

· For clamping any workpiece and component

· Low space requirement

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	105.25 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration

Hook clamps ground Form B (04372)

NORELEM

· Collar, ground toleranced dimension

· Flexible application

· Application sectors: machine construction, toolmaking, fixture construction

· For clamping any workpiece and component

· Low space requirement

Select to compare

Configure now
Starting from^∗ ：	74.18 €
Min. Shipping Days ：	4 Days

*Unit price with basic configuration


Brand
Product Series
CAD
Starting from^∗
Min. Shipping Days
Tightening Force (Range Selectable)(N)
Material
Type
Type
Applicable Tightening Force(N)
Stroke S(mm)
Arm Height Type
Arm Length Type

	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare Promotional pricing	Select to compare Promotional pricing	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare	Select to compare
Brand	KIPP	KIPP	NORELEM	NORELEM	NORELEM	NORELEM	IMAO CORPORATION	HALDER	HALDER	HALDER	HALDER	HALDER	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	KIPP	NORELEM	NORELEM	NORELEM	NORELEM	NORELEM	NORELEM	NORELEM	NORELEM
Product Series	Swing clamps, mini, with cam lever (K0926)	Rotary lever clamps, hydraulic with spring return, Form A double-acting (K1856)	Clamping cams (04431)	Hook clamp, steel (04620)	Hook clamp with collar, carbon steel (04371)	Clamp strap double sided, carbon steel (04190)	Swing Clamp (Clamping Lever Type) (QLSWC)	Clamps, stepped	Clamps, with flat-faced ball	Height Adjusting Cylinders	Clamping Elements	Straight Clamps, short	Cam clamps double (K0011)	Cam clamps single (K0010)	Hook clamp holders, Form B, with hexagon (K0017)	Hook clamp with long hook Form C (K0012)	Hook clamps form A (K0012)	Hook clamps with collar (K0015)	Hook clamps with mounting bracket (K0016)	Hook clamp with collar and clamping lever with clamping force intensifier A (K0013)	Swivel hold-down clamp, mini, with cam lever (K0927)	Pin-end clamp straps Form A (K0834)	Clamp straps tapped both ends (K0836)	Swing clamps, right-hand version (K0912)	Upper exchange clamping jaw, Form D (K1490)	Floating clamps with separate workpiece clamp and interlock (K1227)	Down-thrust clamps (K1231)	Swing clamps pneumatic (K1388)	Multi-clamping system single-sided wedge clamps fixed jaw ES (K1830)	Swing clamps, heavy duty, extended clamping travel, automation compatible, Form B, without clamping arm (K2053)	Swing clamps, hydraulic, compact, double / single-acting with spring return, Form C, screw-in thread (K1862)	Swing clamps, hydraulic, double / single-acting with spring return, Form C, screw-in thread (K1864)	Clamping arm for hydraulic swing clamps, Form B (K1865)	Clamp straps pivot, Form B, assembly with T-slot bolt, nut and washer (K1954)	Swing clamps, heavy duty, automation compatible, Form B, without clamping arm (K2054)	Swing clamps, heavy duty, automation compatible, Form A, with clamping arm (K2054)	Clamping screw with clamping ring for flexible clamping bolt, Form A (K2070)	Hook clamps with collar and cam lever (04371-2)	Clamp straps slotted heel (04010)	Swing clamps (04390)	Hook clamps Form B (04370)	Hook clamps with collar (04371)	Hook clamp with collar with long clamping claw (04371)	Hook clamp with collar with long clamping claw B (04371)	Hook clamps ground Form B (04372)
CAD	2D / 3D	2D / 3D					3D	3D	3D	3D	3D	3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D	2D / 3D
Starting from^∗	124.34 € *Unit price with basic configuration	255.66 € *Unit price with basic configuration	46.98 € *Unit price with basic configuration	209.10 € *Unit price with basic configuration	96.23 € *Unit price with basic configuration	8.50 € *Unit price with basic configuration	117.41 € *Unit price with basic configuration	42.30 € Special price *Unit price with basic configuration Promotional pricing	27.84 € Special price *Unit price with basic configuration Promotional pricing	45.12 € *Unit price with basic configuration	116.19 € *Unit price with basic configuration	39.90 € *Unit price with basic configuration	77.30 € *Unit price with basic configuration	130.82 € *Unit price with basic configuration	26.34 € *Unit price with basic configuration	36.46 € *Unit price with basic configuration	23.55 € *Unit price with basic configuration	63.34 € *Unit price with basic configuration	80.39 € *Unit price with basic configuration	126.40 € *Unit price with basic configuration	196.19 € *Unit price with basic configuration	31.90 € *Unit price with basic configuration	26.50 € *Unit price with basic configuration	249.71 € *Unit price with basic configuration	124.59 € *Unit price with basic configuration	986.70 € *Unit price with basic configuration	174.25 € *Unit price with basic configuration	364.55 € *Unit price with basic configuration	1,767.55 € *Unit price with basic configuration	538.20 € *Unit price with basic configuration	347.30 € *Unit price with basic configuration	365.70 € *Unit price with basic configuration	27.35 € *Unit price with basic configuration	75.34 € *Unit price with basic configuration	496.80 € *Unit price with basic configuration	563.50 € *Unit price with basic configuration	17.78 € *Unit price with basic configuration	123.86 € *Unit price with basic configuration	12.89 € *Unit price with basic configuration	103.40 € *Unit price with basic configuration	28.26 € *Unit price with basic configuration	92.32 € *Unit price with basic configuration	98.67 € *Unit price with basic configuration	105.25 € *Unit price with basic configuration	74.18 € *Unit price with basic configuration
Min. Shipping Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	6 Days	Same day	Same day	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days	4 Days
Tightening Force (Range Selectable)(N)	-	-	-	-	-	-	1000 to 3000 / 3000 or More	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Material	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	Steel	Steel	-	Steel	Steel	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Type	-	-	-	-	-	-	Main Body	Main Body	Main Body	-	Main Body	Main Body	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Type	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	Hold Down Type	Hold Down Type	-	Hold Down Type	Hold Down Type	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Applicable Tightening Force(N)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	120 ～ 350	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Stroke S(mm)	-	-	4.4 ～ 6.2	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.2 ～ 1.5	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Arm Height Type	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Arm Length Type	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	Standard	Standard	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-